Panchakarma is a treatment program for the body, mind and consciousness, that cleanses and rejuvenates. It is based on Ayurvedic principles, every human is unique phenomenon manifested through the five basic elements of Ether, Air, Fire, Water and Earth. Combination of these elements are three doshas (tridosha): Vata, Pitta, and Kapha, and their balance is unique to each individual. When this doshic balance is disturbed it creates disorder resulting in disease. Panchakarma is done individually for each person with their specific constitution and specific disorder in mind, thus it requires close observation and supervision. Treatment starts with pre-purification Measures of Snehan and Svedana, and then cleansing methods - Shodanas are applied.
Ayurveda emphasizes preventative and healing therapies along with various methods of purification and rejuvenation. Ayurveda is more than a mere healing system; it is a science and an art of appropriate living that helps to achieve longevity. It can guide every individual in the proper choice of diet, living habits and exercise to restore balance in the body, mind and consciousness, thus preventing disease from gaining a foothold in the system.
According to Ayurveda, every human being is a unique phenomenon of cosmic consciousness, manifested through the five basic elements—Ether, Air, Fire, Water and Earth. Vata—a combination of ether and air, pitta—a combination of fire and water, and kapha—a combination of water and earth, are called the tridosha.
These are the three humors or the three organizations of the body, which are also derived from consciousness. Each individual constitution or psycho-somatic temperament is determined by the relative proportions of these three doshas at the time of fertilization. When the embryo is formed, the constitution is determined. There are seven basic constitutions with one or more doshas predominant according to Ayurveda. They are: vata, pitta or kapha predominant, vata-pitta, pitta- kapha or kapha-vata predominant and vata-pitta-kapha in equal balance, a rare occurrence.
Every individual constitution has its own unique balance of vata, pitta and kapha (VPK) according to its own nature. This balance of VPK is the natural order. When this doshic balance is disturbed, it creates imbalance, which is disorder. Health is order; disease is disorder. Within the body there is a constant interaction between order and disorder, thus once one understands the nature and structure of disorder, one can re-establish order. Ayurveda believes that order lies within disorder. Order is the state of health, as defined by Ayurveda. This exists when the digestive fire (agni) is in a balanced condition; the bodily humors (vata, pitta and kapha) are in equilibrium, the three waste products (urine, feces and sweat) are produced and eliminated normally, the seven bodily tissues (rasa, rakta, mamsa, meda, asthi, majja and shukra/artava) are functioning normally, and the mind, senses and consciousness are working harmoniously together. When the balance of these systems is disturbed, the disease (disorder) process begins.
Virechanam or ‘Purgation Therapy’ is one of the five Panchakarma therapies in Ayurveda. It is indicated for diseases caused due to vitiated pitta. It is done for chronic conditions like skin diseases, gastritis, obesity, diseases related to the gallbladder, liver, pancreas, duodenum, etc.
Virechanam treatment is carried out in pre-noon on an empty stomach. This time is called as Pitta Kalaa in Ayurveda. In the morning, after full body massage and sudation is over, the purgative medicine chosen by the doctor, according to the ailment, is given to the patient. The purgation happens until the waste products (vitiated pitta) are eliminated through the lower gastrointestinal tract. Proper rest is advised after undergoing the Virechanam therapy.
Snehana(unction) and Swedana(sudation) are adopted to loosen and mobilize the toxins, in an effort to eliminate toxins from the body. The special medicated drink taken in the morning will pull these toxins out of the body through Virechanam, after being brought to the Gastro-Intestinal Tract.
Vasti is one of the most widely acclaimed treatments in Ayurveda. It is a special Panchakarma procedure. It is mainly used for treating Vata related disorders. It can be simply stated as ‘Medicated Enema.’ It acts on the intestinal tract where vatadosha is situated according to Ayurveda.
Vasti is broadly classified into Sneha Vasti and Kashaya Vasti. Vasti is conducted by pushing the medicine into the intestinal tract.
In Sneha Vasti medicated Oils/Ghritham is used while in Kashaya Vasti, a mixture of various ingredients like honey, himalayan rock salt, gomuthram, oils and of course the major part, Kashayam is used. Vasti flushes out the toxins from the whole body through the intestinal tract.
Uttara Vasti is also a different type of Vasti which is not included in Panchakarma. It is similar to Sneha Vasti but the purpose of treatment differs.
Nasyam(Nasal medication) is one of the five Panchakarma therapies in Ayurveda. It’s a very effective Ayurvedic treatment used to eliminate doshas in the head region and also for diseases in parts above the base of the neck with the nasal passage being the gateway of the head. The medicine is in the form of medicated herbal oils, herbal juices, ghee or powders which is administered through the nasal route.
The procedure of Nasya can be classified under three headings,
Snehana(unction) and Swedana(sudation) are adopted to loosen and mobilize the toxins, in an effort to eliminate toxins from the body. The special medicated drink taken in the morning will pull these toxins out of the body through Virechanam, after being brought to the Gastro-Intestinal Tract.
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